31 Weeks pregnant: Baby growth, symptoms, and preparing for birth
- Updated Dec 3, 2024
- Published
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Created with Natasha Lowe Osho, MD, Obstetrician-Gynecologist, USA
At 31 weeks pregnant, your baby is about the size of a coconut, and developing critical survival skills like breathing and sucking, while you may experience stronger symptoms like Braxton Hicks contractions or back pain. Breathing techniques and self-care are key to managing this stage.
Welcome to week 31 of your pregnancy! At this stage, your baby is continuing to grow rapidly, and practicing important skills like breathing and sucking. For you, symptoms may intensify as your baby takes up more space. Understanding what’s happening with your body and your baby this week will help you navigate the journey with confidence.
Monitor your health and your baby’s growth throughout pregnancy with Femia
31 weeks pregnant symptoms
Here are common symptoms you may experience at 31 weeks:
- Back pain: Your growing belly and shifting posture can strain your back.
- Swelling (edema): Mild swelling in your feet and ankles is common due to fluid retention.
- Shortness of breath: Your uterus is pressing against your diaphragm, making deep breaths harder.
- Fatigue: Your body is working hard to support your baby’s rapid growth.
- Braxton Hicks contractions: Irregular, painless contractions may occur more frequently.
Braxton Hicks contractions vs true labor
| Aspect | Braxton Hicks Contractions | True Labor |
|---|---|---|
| Frequency | Irregular, not progressively closer together | Regular intervals, getting closer together |
| Intensity | Weak, often described as mild discomfort | Increases in strength over time |
| Duration | Short, usually lasting less than 30 seconds | Longer, lasting 30-70 seconds per contraction |
| Location of Pain | Felt mainly in the front of the abdomen | Starts in the back and radiates to the front |
| Effect of Movement | Stops or decreases with activity or a change in position | Continues regardless of movement or position changes |
| Cervical Changes | Does not cause dilation or thinning of the cervix | Causes the cervix to dilate and thin out (effacement) |
👉Find out more: 30 Weeks pregnant: Baby growth, symptoms, and labor prep
31 weeks pregnant symptoms not to ignore
- Regular, painful contractions: These could be a sign of preterm labor.
- Severe swelling: Swelling in your face or hands may indicate preeclampsia.
- Reduced baby movements: If movements decrease, contact your provider immediately.
Your body at 31 weeks pregnant
Your uterus is now about 4-5 inches above your belly button, and your growing bump is becoming more prominent. You might notice more pronounced kicks and rolls from your baby. Weight gain by this stage typically falls between 20-30 pounds.
31 weeks pregnant in months
You’re about 7.5 to 8 months pregnant, with roughly nine weeks to go.
31 weeks pregnant belly
Your belly may feel heavier and more round, and your skin might stretch and itch. Moisturizing regularly can help reduce discomfort.
Baby development at 31 weeks of pregnancy
At 31 weeks, your baby’s lungs are almost fully developed, and their brain is rapidly growing. They’re also practicing critical survival skills like sucking and breathing. The baby is developing more fat under their skin, making them look less wrinkled.
31-Week baby size
The 31-week fetus size is about 16 inches long and weighs approximately 3.3 pounds, similar to the size of a coconut.
31-Weeks baby position
Most babies are in a head-down position by now, but they may still move around. If your baby hasn’t settled head-down, there’s still time for them to shift.
31-Week ultrasound
A 31-week ultrasound may be performed to monitor your baby’s growth, check amniotic fluid levels, and assess their position. This scan offers a detailed view of their developing facial features and movements.
31-Week preemie: What to expect
A baby born at 31 weeks is considered very premature but has a 95% or higher survival rate with proper NICU care.
Development highlights
- Lungs: Still maturing but producing surfactant to support breathing.
- Brain: Rapid growth supports cognitive and motor skills.
- Reflexes: Sucking and swallowing are developing but may need time.
Care in the NICU
- Breathing support: Often needed via CPAP or a ventilator.
- Feeding: Provided through a tube until the baby can feed orally.
- Temperature regulation: Incubators help maintain warmth.
With medical care and follow-up, most 31-week preemies thrive and catch up to their peers by school age.
Tests to expect at 31 weeks pregnant
Your healthcare provider will continue to monitor your health and your baby’s progress with routine tests:
- Blood pressure monitoring: Screens for hypertension or preeclampsia.
- Fetal heartbeat and movements: Your provider will listen to your baby’s heartbeat and ask about their activity.
- Urine test: Checks for protein and glucose, which can indicate preeclampsia or gestational diabetes.
- Fundal height measurement: Ensures your uterus is growing appropriately.
- Ultrasound (if needed): May be recommended to check the growth or the baby’s position.
These tests are critical for ensuring your baby’s health and identifying potential complications. Always report any unusual symptoms to your provider.
👉Find out more:
32 Weeks pregnant: Baby’s growth, your body, and what to watch for
33 Weeks pregnant: Fetal milestones, labor prep, and decision-making
Health tips and self-care at 31 weeks pregnant
- Keep an eye on your weight gain
- Practice breathing techniques: Controlled breathing can help with discomfort now and provide pain relief during labor.
- Stay hydrated: Drink up to 12 glasses of water to reduce swelling and support your increased blood volume.
- Elevate your feet: This helps minimize swelling and improves circulation.
- Use pillows for support: A pregnancy pillow can make sleeping and sitting more comfortable.
Monitor your health and your baby’s growth throughout pregnancy with Femia
Questions from the Femia community
Do breathing techniques for pain relief work?
Yes, breathing techniques are an effective way to manage pain during labor by helping you relax and stay focused. Techniques like slow, deep breathing can calm your nervous system, while patterned breathing (e.g., short breaths followed by a long exhale) can provide rhythmic relief during contractions. Regular practice before labor can increase your confidence and make these techniques feel second nature. Additionally, breathing deeply during pregnancy can help with relaxation and improve oxygen flow to your baby.
What are the signs of labor I should look for?
Labor signs include:
• Regular, painful contractions: Unlike Braxton Hicks, true contractions occur at consistent intervals, become more intense, and do not subside with rest.
• Water breaking: This can feel like a sudden gush or a slow trickle of fluid, indicating that your amniotic sac has ruptured.
• Bloody show: A pink or red mucus discharge, signaling that your cervix is starting to dilate.
• Lower back pain and pressure: Persistent discomfort in your back and pelvis may indicate labor is near.
If you experience any of these signs, especially before 37 weeks, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Why do I feel more Braxton Hicks contractions?
As your pregnancy progresses, Braxton Hicks contractions may increase in frequency and intensity. These “practice contractions” are your uterus preparing for labor. They are often triggered by dehydration, physical activity, or a full bladder. To differentiate them from real labor contractions, note that Braxton Hicks are irregular, don’t grow stronger over time, and often subside with rest or hydration. Staying hydrated and resting can help minimize their occurrence.
How can I manage back pain?
Back pain is common at this stage due to your growing belly, shifted center of gravity, and hormone-induced loosening of ligaments. To alleviate discomfort, apply a warm compress or heating pad to your lower back for relief, practice good posture, try prenatal yoga, and wear a maternity belt. If your back pain is severe or persistent, consult your provider to rule out complications like sciatica.
The bottom line
At 31 weeks pregnant, your baby is developing critical survival skills, and your body is adapting to their rapid growth. Focus on managing symptoms, practicing breathing techniques, and preparing for labor as you navigate the final weeks of pregnancy.
References
- “31 Weeks Pregnant: Symptoms, Baby Development & Tips.” BabyCenter, www.babycenter.com/pregnancy/week-by-week/31-weeks-pregnant.
- “Week 31 of Pregnancy: Symptoms, Baby Development & More.” What to Expect, www.whattoexpect.com/pregnancy/week-by-week/week-31.aspx.
- “31 Weeks Pregnant: Baby Development, Symptoms & Tips.” NHS, www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/week-by-week/1-to-12/31-weeks/.
- “Pregnancy Week 31: What to Expect.” American Pregnancy Association, www.americanpregnancy.org/healthy-pregnancy/week-by-week/31-weeks-pregnant/.
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